清末京师大学堂建设中的房地产问题研究

A Research on the Real Estate Problems during the Establishment of Imperial University of Peking in Late Qing Dynasty

高等学堂是清末新式学堂建设的重点，也是近代北京城内改造较早、建设成果比较显著的一类职能空间。伴随清末京师大学堂的设立及在空间上的发展，一批近代高等学堂在北京城内陆续出现，并带来了城市用地及建筑状况的改变。本文从房地产视角入手，通过搜罗整理史料，首先全面复原大学堂所属各处房地产的详细情况，在此基础上进一步分析以高等学堂建设为中心的北京城内房地产发展状况。大学堂在城内的房地产开拓具有持续且相时分散的特征，推动了早期高等学堂房地产使用模式的发展，清末高等学堂房地产开发表现为一个自上而下的过程，并呈现一定的时空特征。

The establishment of higher schools was a key project of modern school establishment during late Qing dynasty. It was also a type of pioneering reconstructed functional space in the Beijing city. During the establishment of Imperial University of Peking and its early spatial development, a batch of modem higher schools appeared in Beijing, which brought changes to land using and architectures of the city. From the perspective of real estate, the article firstly delineates the situation of all the real estates which belonged to the Imperial University of Peking inside Beijir,ag city by collecting historical materials, and then it discusses real estate development in the process of modem higher school establishment. The exploitation of real estates of Imperial University of Peking embodied characteristics of dispersion and continuity, and it promoted the formation of real estate exploitation pattems. The real estate exploitation of modern higher schools was a top-down process in late imperial Beijing, with certain temporal and spatial characteristics.