成人急性腹泻抗菌药物治疗最佳适应证的探索性研究

Study on the best indications of antibiotic treatment of acute diarrhea in adults

目的：分析夏秋季急性腹泻患者的临床资料，探索抗菌药物治疗最佳适应证。方法收集2012年4月至10月，本院肠道门诊就诊的3027例患者的临床资料，分析其临床表现与实验室检查结果及治疗效果，探索抗感染治疗的最佳适应证。结果成人急性腹泻患者中，20～30岁人群发病率较高，女性较多，普通留便率较低，感染性因素所致者居多，抗菌药物治疗需要谨慎。结论急性腹泻是夏秋季发病率较高的疾病之一，与饮食习惯、食品卫生等多种因素相关，食品卫生监管部门需加大管理力度，治疗上需要加强抗菌药物使用指征的探索。

Objective To analyze the clinical data of cases with acute diarrhea during the summer to autumn period, and to investigate the best indications of antibiotic treatment. Methods The clinical data of outpatients from intestinal department in our hospital were collected from April 2012 to October 2012. Moreover, their clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment effects were analyzed, retrospectively, to explore the best indications for anti-infective therapy. Results The acute diarrhea had a higher prevalance in those aged 20-30 years. The female patients were detected to be more common, fewer stool samples could be collected from them, but more of their diarrhea were caused by infectious factors. Therefore, the caution should be taken during the antibiotic treatment in this kind of disease. Conclusions Acute diarrhea had a higher incidence during summer to autumn period, related closely with eating habits, food hygiene and other factors. Therefore, food hygiene regulatory authorities should strengthen the relevant management, and the antibiotic use should be under strict control in accordance with the clinical indications.