怀柔文化政策影响下的清初词风嬗变——以朱彝尊、陈维崧为中心

The Times and Culture Significance of the Change Influenced by Huairou Cultural Policy Early in the Qing Dynasty:Centre Round Zhu Yizun and Chen Weisong

清代前期相对宽容的文化政策取得了成效,汉族知识分子的态度开始发生变化。朱彝尊诗词风格和文学思想之转变为文化政策影响文学的典型案例。朱彝尊博学鸿词试中第后,前期作品中所表现的出入之间的矛盾彷徨不复存在,其学习《乐府补题》所作的咏物词丧失了南宋遗民词的精神内核,远离了比兴寄托传统,其追求的"醇雅"实际上脱离了风雅精神。与浙西词派的兴盛形成鲜明对比的是陈维崧和他所开创的阳羡词派。随着文化政策的变化,文风的推移,阳羡词派因词风不合时代精神变化之节拍而逐步走向衰落。

The relatively tolerant cultural policy was paid off early in the Qing Dynasty. The Han intellectuals' attitude began to change. The change of Zhu Yi-zun's poetic style and literary theory was the typical case that cultural policy affected literary creation. After passing Boxue Hongci section,Zhu Yi-zun's contradictions and hesitation expressed in his early works disappeared. His Ci poems on objects imitating YueFuBuTi losed the spiritual essence of the adherents of South Song Dynasty,was far away from the tradition of Bixing and Jituo.In fact,the Chunya that Zhu Yi-zun pursued left the spirit of Fengya. Chen Weisong and the Yangxian ci school were contrary to the prosperity of the west zhejiang ci school. As cultural policy and literary stylechanged,the Yangxian ci school declined gradually because of inconformity to the change of times spirit.