空气污染对呼吸道微生态的影响

Effects of Air Pollution on Respiratory Tract Microecosystem

目的 探讨空气污染对呼吸道菌群的影响 ,为改善生存环境 ,预防呼吸道疾患提供科学依据。方法 选择重污染区和轻污染区 ,以没有职业接触 ,近 3个月末用抗生素类药物的6～ 8岁儿童作为研究对象 ,对其口咽部菌群进行定性、定量分析 ,进行对比研究。结果 口咽部菌群受外环境的影响较大 ,重污染区儿童口咽部菌群密度明显高于轻污染区 (P <0 0 1) ,且需氧菌与厌氧菌之比也明显增高 (P <0 0 1) ,肺炎链球菌检出率较高 ,而甲型链球菌检出率较低 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 大气污染对呼吸道菌群的定植具有明显的影响 ,是使微生态失衡 ,呼吸道疾病感染率增高的重要因素。

Objective To approach the effects of air pollution on respiratory tract flora in order to provide scientific basis for improving existent environment and preventing diseases.Methods Children aged 6～8years from severe and mild pollution areas without occupational exposure and administering antibiotics in the latest three months were selected and determined qualitatively for their oral pharynx flora.Results Oral pharynx flora were greatly affected by external environment.The density of children's oral pharyngeus flora was markedly higher in the severe area than that in the mild one (P<0.01). The ratio of aerobes and anaerobes was obviously increased (P<0.01),and the detecting rate of pneumoocci was higher, However it was lower in α-streptococci(P<0.05).Conclusion Air pollution markedly influenced the field planting of flora in respiratory tract.It was an imponant factor for imbalance of microecosystem and the increasing incidence of reapiratory diseases.