水中分娩等3种阴道分娩方式对产妇的影响

Impacts of water birth and other two kinds of vaginal delivery modes on puerperae

目的对比水中分娩、分娩镇痛、传统分娩等3种不同阴道分娩方式对产妇的影响。方法将2010年1月至2013年10月在我院住院分娩的产妇分为水中分娩组、分娩镇痛组、传统分娩组，比较各组镇痛效果、产程时间、产后爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分情况。结果水中分娩组、分娩镇痛组镇痛效果差异无统计学意义，均较传统分娩组镇痛效果明显（P〈0．05）。分娩镇痛组第二产程时间较长，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。水中分娩组、分娩镇痛组产褥期抑郁症的发生率较传统分娩组低（P〈0．05）。结论水中分娩及分娩镇痛能为产妇提供有效的镇痛效果，分娩镇痛的第二产程较长，分娩时有效的镇痛能减少产褥期抑郁症的发生。

Objective To compare the impacts of water birth, anodyne labor, and traditional vaginal birth three different vaginal delivery modes on puerperae. Methods Puerperae who delivered in our hospital during January 2010 to October 2013 were divided into three groups： water birth group, anodyne labor group, and traditional vaginal birth group. The analgesic effects, labor times, postpartum Edinburgh postnatal depression scale scores were compared. Results There was no statistical difference in analgesic effect between the water birth group and the anodyne labor group. The analgesic effects of the above two groups were obvious better than that of the traditional vaginal birth group （P 〈 0.05）. The anodyne labor group had longer length of the second stage of labor than the other two groups （P 〈 0.05）.The incidences of puerperal depression of the water birth group and the anodyne labor group were lower than that of traditional the vaginal birth group（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Water birth and anodyne labor can provide effective analgesia effect. Anodyne labor has longer length of the second stage. Effective analgesia of labor can reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.