芦笋四倍体诱导、倍性鉴定及生物学特性的研究

Study on Tetraploid Induction,Identification and Biological Characteristics of Asparagus

以南方主栽品种"井岗701"二倍体芦笋的露白种子和幼苗为试材,研究了秋水仙素浓度、处理时间及浸泡时的转速对芦笋四倍体诱导效果的影响,并对四倍体和二倍体芦笋的部分抗性和形态特征进行了比较。结果表明:以0.2%的秋水仙素浸泡露白种子6h效果最好,四倍体诱导率最高,为20%,但浸泡时的不同转速对四倍体诱导影响差异不显著;而用0.3%的秋水仙素连续滴苗4d,四倍体诱导率最高为18%;浸泡露白种子法比滴苗法诱导效果好;四倍体植株较二倍体更加粗壮,在抗热性和抗旱性方面也明显优于二倍体。

Taking the bourgeoning seeds and seedlings of ‘Jingang 701＇ asparagus （Asparagus officinalis L. ） which had the main cultivar in southern China as test material, effect of eolchicine concentration, treatment time and centrifugal speed on induced tetraploid were studied, and the morphological and resistance of tetraploid and diploid asparagus were compared. The results showed that 0. 2% colchicine soaking seeds 6 h had the best effect, the highest frequency of induction was 20 %. But there was no significant effect of different centrifugal speed under soaking. When the colchicine concentration was 0. 3% and the injection time was 4 d,the frequency of induction was 18%. The method of bourgeoning seeds dipping with colchicine solution was better than the seedling injection method. Comparing with diploid asparagus, the stern of tetraploid asparagus was much bigger and the resistance to heat and drought was higher than that of the diploid asparagus.