黄瓜-玉米轮作对设施连作土壤性状的影响

Effect of Continuous Cropping Obstacles on Cucumber-Corn Rotation for Soil in Solar Greenhouse

以连作7a的黄瓜试验田为研究对象,通过黄瓜-玉米轮作为栽培模式,设置后茬玉米不同种植密度和不同生长期处理,研究设施黄瓜连作土壤理化性质、酶活性及土壤微生物种群的变化。结果表明:后茬玉米种植密度为4 000株/667m2时,生长成熟模式与对照休闲处理相比较,土壤容重、EC值和有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量降低,pH值升高;土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性升高,蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性降低;土壤微生物结构改变,细菌和放线菌数量上升,真菌数量下降。黄瓜-玉米轮作模式对设施连作土壤性状的改善具有显著效果。

Taking 7 years continuous cropping test field of cucumber as research object, illustrate the cucumber-corn rotation preventing soil of continuous cropping in greenhouse, the experiment was set different density and different growth period for the followed corn,and the soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activity and soil microbial populations were studied. The results showed that the optimum effect was the density of 4 000 plants/667m^2, mature pattern of corn growth. Compared with leisure processing, the number of bulk density and EC were down, and the content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were lower, but pH was up, and meanwhile, rotation enhanced the activities of soil urease, catalase, and declined invertase and phosphatase;the components of soil microbial communities were changed, which were manifested in the increase of bacteria and actinomycetes and the decrease of fungi. Crop rotation could significantly improve the properties of soil.