看图对话工具在维吾尔族老年2型糖尿病患者健康教育中的应用

Application of the conversation map tool in the health education of Uygur elderly type 2 diabetic patients

目的探讨糖尿病看图对话健康教育方式对维吾尔族老年2型糖尿病患者糖尿病知识水平及血糖控制的影响。方法将90例维吾尔族老年2型糖尿病患者按照随机数字表分为试验组和对照组，每组各45例，对照组采用传统的健康教育方式，试验组运用糖尿病看图对话健康教育工具，由维吾尔族教育者用维吾尔语进行健康教育。两组患者教育前及教育后6个月采用糖尿病知识测定量表（MDKT）进行糖尿病知识测评及空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白检测，比较干预效果。结果健康教育后试验组患者掌握糖尿病知识一般和好分别为36，3例，对照组分别为9，0例，差异有统计学意义（Z=-6．404，P〈0．05）。健康教育前两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；健康教育后试验组患者空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白分别为（6．7±1．1）mmol／L，（9．1±0．8）mmol／L，（6．7±0．8）％，均低于对照组的（8．5±1．9）mmol／L，（12．0±3．0）mmol／L，（8．1±1．3）％，差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为-5．301，-6．361，-6．009；P〈0．05）。结论对维吾尔族老年2型糖尿病患者用维吾尔语进行糖尿病看图对话健康教育方式可使患者充分地掌握糖尿病基础知识，提高自我保健意识，树立健康的生活方式，从而有效地控制血糖，改善生活质量，保障身心健康。

Objective To explore the effect of diabetes conversation map tool health education on the knowledge level and glycemic control of Uygur elderly type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Ninety patients with Uygur elderly type 2 diabetic patients were chosen and divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the random number table, each with 45 cases. The control group received the traditional health education, and the experimental group received the diabetes conversation map tool health education in Uygur language. The knowledge of diabetes was evaluated by the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test （MDKT） , and the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured at six months before and after the education between two groups. Results The general and good of mastering the knowledge of diabetes was 36 and 3 cases in the experimental group after the education, and was 9 and 0 cases in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （ Z = - 6. 404, P 〈 0. 05 ）. No differences were found in the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin before the education between two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h plasma glucose and glyeosylated hemoglobin after the education in the experimental group were respectively （6.7 ± 1.1 ） mmol/L, （9.1 ± 0.8 ） mmol/L, （ 6.7 ± 0.8 ） %, and were lower than （ 8.5 ± 1.9 ） mmol/L, （ 12.0 ± 3.0） mmol/L, （ 8.1 ± 1.3 ） % in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （t= -5.301, -6.361, -6.009, respectively;P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions The diabetes conversation map toolhealth education in Uygur language can make Uygur elderly type 2 diabetic patients fully grasp the basic knowledge of diabetes, and increase the awareness of self-care, and establish the healthy lifestyle so as to effectively control blood glucose, and improve the quality of life, and protect the physical and mental health.