小儿惊厥172例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 172 cases of infantile convulsion

[背景]探讨小儿惊厥的病因及临床特点，有效控制小儿惊厥发作．[病例报告]对172例有惊厥表现患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析，其中有热惊厥为103例（59．9％），其病因以感染所致热性惊厥为主；无热惊厥为69例（40．1％），其病因复杂，以癫痫、腹泻相关性良性惊厥及缺氧缺血性脑病等为常见．[讨论]引起小儿惊厥的病因比较复杂，高热惊厥为小儿惊厥的第一大病因，年龄多在6个月～3岁；其次为电解质紊乱所致惊厥，年龄在2岁以内多见；颅内出血、缺氧缺血性脑病所致惊厥多见于新生儿；颅内感染、癫痫所致惊厥多见于学龄期儿童．

BACKGROUND To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of infantile convulsion to control effectively the attack of infantile convulsion. CASE REPORTS The clinical data of 172 cases of infantile convulsion were retrospective analyzed, in which 103 cases （59.9%） were febrile convulsion caused by infection, and 69 cases （40.1%） were non fever convulsion resulted from complex causes, including epilepsy, diarrhea associated benign convulsion and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and so on. DISCUSSION The cause of infantile convulsion is complex, and the first cause is febrile seizures with onset age from 6 months to 3 years old, and the next cause is electrolyte disturbance induced seizures with onset age under 2 years newborn baby, and old. Intracranial hemorrhage and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy often happen in intracranial infection and epilepsy usually happen in school age children.