吉林省农村成年居民膳食多样化与超重和肥胖关系的调查分析

Survey and analysis on associations between dietary diversity and overweight,obesity of rural adults in Jilin Province

目的：以膳食多样化评分（DDS）为评价指标，了解吉林省18～65岁农村成年居民膳食多样化与超重和肥胖状况，并分析膳食多样化与超重和肥胖的关系。方法：2012年6～7月本课题组采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，在吉林省选取674名农村居民作为调查对象，运用食物频率法调查居民各类食物摄入频率和摄入量，测量居民身高和体质量，并计算体质量指数（BMI），计算DDS，采用 Logistic回归模型在控制混杂因素作用的基础上，分析不同膳食多样化程度农村居民超重和肥胖发生的危险性。结果：吉林省农村居民 DDS整体水平较低，62.4％的居民DDS在6分及以上，11.8％的农村居民DDS为3分及以下，肥胖检出率略高于全国平均水平。膳食多样化程度分级为适中和充足的居民，发生超重和肥胖的危险性分别是膳食多样化程度不足者的0.946和0.816倍。结论：目前吉林省农村成年居民膳食多样化程度较低，发生超重和肥胖的危险性较高；随着膳食多样化程度增加，发生肥胖的危险性降低。

Objective To estimate the dietary diversity,overweight and obesity of the rural adults aged 18-65 years in Jilin Province by diet diversity score（DDS）,and to analyze the association between dietary diversity and overweight,obesity.Methods A representative sample of 674 rural residents was selected by a multistage sampling method from Jilin Province in 2012 June to July. A validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess the usual food intake. The height and body weight were measured and the body mass index （BMI）was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the risk of overweight and obesity for different DDS,after adjusted for mixed factors.Results 62.4% people in rural scored ≥6 while 1 1.8% people in rural scored ≤3.The detection rate of obesity of the rural adults in Jilin Province was higher than the mean level in China .For rural adults with moderate and adequate diversity score, the risk of overweight and obesity was 0.946 and 0.816 times the risk of overweight and obesity of the rural adults with pool diversity score. Conclusion Diet diversity of the rural adults in Jilin Province is low.The risk of overweight and obesity is high;the risk of obesity is decreased with the increasing of diet diversity level.