Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

The performance of the lithium-ion cell is heavily dependent on the ability of the host electrodes to accommodate and release Li＋ ions from the local structure. While the choice of electrode materials may define parameters such as cell potential and capacity, the process of intercalation may be physically limited by the rate of solid-state Li＋ diffusion. Increased diffusion rates in lithium-ion electrodes may be achieved through a reduction in the diffusion path, accomplished by a scaling of the respective electrode dimensions. In addition, some electrodes may undergo large volume changes associated with charging and discharging, the strain of which, may be better accommodated through nanostructuring. Failure of the host to accommodate such volume changes may lead to pulverisation of the local structure and a rapid loss of capacity. In this review article, we seek to highlight a number of significant gains in the development of nanostructured lithium-ion battery architectures （both anode and cathode）, as drivers of potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.

锂离子房间的性能重重地依赖于主机电极的能力从本地结构提供并且释放 Li+ 离子。当电极材料的选择可以定义象房间潜力和能力那样的参数时，置闰的过程可以被率身体上限制固态 Li+ 散开。在锂离子电极的增加的散开率可以在散开路径通过减小被完成，由一可伸缩各自的电极尺寸完成了。另外，一些电极可以经历与收费并且排出联系的大体积变化，的紧张，可以更好通过 nanostructuring 被提供。主机的失败可以导致本地结构的 pulverisation 和能力的快速的损失提供如此的卷变化。在这篇评论文章，我们寻求在 nanostructured 锂离子电池体系结构(阳极和阴极) 的开发加亮很多重要获得，作为潜在的下一代的电气化学的精力存储设备的驱动程序。