上海市嘉定区青少年自感生理健康问题和卫生服务需求调查

Self-perceived health problems and demand for health services in adolescents in Jiading District of Shanghai City

[目的]探讨青少年发育过程中的自感生理健康问题及对卫生服务的需求。[方法]对上海市嘉定区1555名10～18岁青少年和1482名家长进行有关学生自感生理卫生状况以及卫生服务需求的调查。[结果]1年内经常遇到的身体问题自我报告率为77．8％；青春发育期性征改变的困惑发生率为51．7％；有生殖系统疾病症状的自感发生率为16．9％；青春发育时相自我评价明显过早或过迟的发生率为5．3％；学生面对这些生殖健康问题时积极求助率不高。[结论]青少年的保健服务需求是多方面的，不同特征群体的需求也存在很大不同。医疗保健机构应提供及时有效的青少年保健服务，并在实践中不断完善。

To investigate the adolescent self-perceived health problems during devel-opment and their demand for service needs of health care ,thus enhancing the healthy level of adolescents . [ Methods] A questionnaire survey , focusing on self-perceived physiological health and demand for health service , was conducted among 1 555 adolescents aged 10 -18 and 1 482 parents in Jiading District . [ Results] The incidence of self-reported frequent physiological problems within one year was 77.8%.A total of 51.7%students felt confused with changes in sexual characteristics during puberty .The rate of self-perceived reproductive system symptoms was 16.9%.Prevalence of self-reported early/late puberty timing was 5 .3%, while few students were seeking help towards these health issues . [ Conclusion ] The health service needs of adolescents are versatile , and there is a glaring discrepancy in different feature groups .Medical and health care institutions need to think deeply of how to timely and effectively provide adolescent health services and improve the quality of care in practice .