汉代生死信仰的变迁与汉画像石的兴盛

The Evolution of Faith on Life and Afterlife in Han Dynasty and the Prosperity of the Han Stone Carvings

汉画像石经历了约三百年的发展进程,其兴盛与汉代生死信仰尤其是汉代神仙信仰的发展有着直接的关联。西汉武帝时期,汉代生死信仰有了重大升级,汉画像石也随之而兴起。从武帝时期到东汉中晚期,汉代生死信仰得到了持续发展并最终导致了早期道教的形成,而这一时期,汉画像石在图像内容、构图形式、雕刻技法上也经历了一个由简趋繁的过程,其发展进程与汉代生死信仰的变迁基本同步。作为一种新兴的艺术形式,汉画像石也几乎同步地反映了汉代生死信仰的变迁。可以看到,汉代生死信仰的发展演变乃是推动汉画像石兴盛的根本动因。

The Han Dynasty stone carvings have hundred years, their prosperity has a direct link experienced a development process around three to the faith on life and afterlife in Han Dynasty, especially to the immortal believes of Han Dynasty. During Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, the faith on life and afterlife in Han Dynasty has undergone a major upgrade and subsequently the Han Dynasty stone carvings emerged. From the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty to late Eastern Han, the faith on life and afterlife in Hart Dynasty has been successively developed and ultimately this has led to the formation of the early Taoism. During this time, the image contents, design style and carving techniques of the Han Dynasty stone carvings all have experienced a continuous changing course, i.e. from simplicity to complexity and this changing course has almost synchronized with the evolution of the faith on life and afterlife in Han Dynasty. Also as a new art form, the Han Dynasty stone carvings almost simultaneously reflect the changes of the faith on life and afterlife in Han Dynasty. It can be seen that the evolution of faith on life and afterlife in Han Dynasty is the basic driver of the prosperity of the Han Dynasty stone carvmgs