1978:重新认识东南亚——再论20世纪70年代末中国与东盟开展安全合作的双重意义

1978: China's Rediscovery of Southeast Asia

20世纪70年代末,中国出于建立"反苏统一战线"的需要开始积极发展与东盟国家间的关系,东盟国家也因为在安全方面受到来自苏联和越南的压力而与中国达成了有限的合作。双方的接触暴露了此前中国外交政策在东南亚地区的一系列问题,它们集中反映出中国对该地区旧的认知定位与新的政策目标之间的矛盾。在思考和解决它们的过程中,中国调整了对东南亚地区的认识,同时对东南亚的战略角色做出了新的判断,这不仅是下一步中国对这一地区政策转变的基础,更成为后来"周边战略"的滥觞。因此,中国与东南亚的安全合作就具有了承上启下、弃旧迎新的双重意义。认识这一点对于把握当今中国对东南亚地区外交政策的走向和地区局势的发展也具有现实意义。

Out of the need for forming an ＂ anti-Soviet united front＂, China began to develop the relationships with ASEAN countries in the late of 1970s, while ASEAN countries responded to China＇s proposal with a different motivation. A limited alignment had been made. And some problems reflected the contradiction between China＇s old cognition of Southeast Asia and its new objectives in this region. To solve the problems and remove the obstacles to bilateral relationship, China adjusted the view of Southeast Asia and re- oriented its strategic role in China＇s foreign policy. The ＂rediscovery＂ of Southeast Asia not only laid the foundation for further transformation of China＇s regional policy, but also became the origins of China＇s ＂Peripheral Strategy＂.