天人回环视野下理学之统的重建——论船山对理学的批判式继承

mandarin students; Japanese Army General Staff Office; oversea students studying abroad in China; study abroad

以正学的终极理想以及天人回环、交尽的整体视野为标准,在理学大传统中,船山区分了三种不同的思想进路:一为周张,二为程朱,三为陆王。在船山看来,张子保持了天人回环的架构且体系严整,所以船山以之为正学的楷模;程朱强调了理的重要性而忽视了天人之间的本原交互作用,船山以之为正理然而不能比肩于正学之规模;而陆王只强调心的地位而忽视了天作为理之本原的地位,所以船山以之为偏至而不足承继正学之大统。

Based on the conception of Correct Learning Ideal and Heaven Human Circle, Wang Chuanshan distinguished three different approaches in the tradition of Neo Confucianism, namely Zhouzhang, Chengzhu and Luwang. Among them, Chuanshan regarded Zhang Zai as the model of Correct Learning Ideal for its conformity with the Heaven Human Circle. Chengzhu omitted the original interaction between Heaven and Human though they emphasized the importance of Li. Luwang neglected the primordial position of Heaven while emphasizing the importance of Mind Heart. Therefore both of them cannot be counted as the orthodoxy of Neo-Confucianism.