从生态学到人类生态学:人类生态觉醒的历史考察

From Ecology to Human Ecology:A Historical Review of Human Ecological Awareness

生态学的产生和发展经历了漫长的历史过程。从经典生态学时期对植物、动物的研究到现代生态学时期对生态系统研究的开展,生态学的研究领域不断拓展,生态学也日趋成熟和完善。在生态学发展过程中,其对人的关注也经历了一个演进的过程,研究客体开始了对人和对人与自然关系的转向,即人类生态意识渐渐觉醒,协调人与自然的关系以改善人类的生存环境的人类生态学出现。人类生态学已成为生态研究的重要动向,将成为生态学发展的新的重要方向。

The emergence and development of ecology experienced a long historical process. From the classical period of ecology study of plants and animals to modern ecology research period on ecological system, ecological research areas continue to expand, and ecology is also becoming mature and perfect. During the development of ecology, its focus on people also experienced a process of evolution, and the research object in the relation between man and nature began to change, which means the awakening of human＇s ecological consciousness and the emergence of human ecology that intends to coordinate the relationship between man and nature and to improve the hu man living environment. Human ecology has become an important trend of ecological research, and will become a new direction of the development of the ecology.