从“控制”走向“治理”——基于“治理”理念的学校公共生活探析

From Control to Governance ——The School Public Life Based on the Idea of Governance

随着当前教育领域中的公民主体意识和权利意识的觉醒,以"控制"为核心逻辑的学校公共生活模式遭受了愈来愈多的批判。在控制型的学校公共生活下,教师与学生之间所形成的是控制与被控制、管理与被管理、灌输与被灌输的扭曲关系,它违背了学校教育的公共价值取向,阻碍了学校教育的民主变革,限制了学生的公民品质发展。与控制模式不同,"治理"作为一种新型的管理理念与实践模式,它致力于解构学校组织中的权威主义、技术理性、强制灌输、心灵隔离等弊病,使学校公共生活回归到公共性与民主性的轨道上来。"治理"赋予教师与学生以平等的公民身份和治理权利,鼓励学校生活中的公民伙伴关系,从而使学校和课堂成为一个民主治理的空间,提升和扩大学校组织的公共利益,稳固而持久地培育学生的公共精神和公民品质。

Because of the development of civil awareness and right awareness, more and more people criticize the school public life which focuses on control. Under the controlled school life, the teacher-student relationship is contorted to be control and under-control, management and under-management, indoctrination and under-indoctrination. It violates the regulation of citizenship education and students＇ citizenship development. Governance is a new school management model which has important difference with the model of control. Obviously, it criticizes the school management model of control. Governance wants to deconstruct the authoritarianism, technical rationale, indoctrination and heart-separation in school man- agement model, and pushes school management to the publicity, democracy and equality. It gives teachers and students the rights of civil governance, and develops the partner relationship in school life. And then, school and classroom will be a life space of democracy and governance. It can promote the public benefit of school, and develop student＇s civil spirit and citizen character firmly and everlastingly.