陆地棉抗黄萎病种质创新与抗病基因挖掘

Creation of Resistance Germplasm to Verticillium Wilt in Gossypium hirsutum and Identification of Disease Resistance Genes

抗病种质在抗病育种中的地位不可替代。远缘杂交材料创新是陆地棉黄萎病抗性种质创制的重要基础;基因工程提供了创造变异的新技术,但由于抗病机制复杂,导入一、两个主基因的效果还不明显;采用分子生物学技术揭示棉花对黄萎病的抗性机制,发掘棉花抗病基因和病程相关基因,有助于剖析棉花-黄萎病菌互作机制。本文概述了陆地棉抗黄萎病种质创制、抗病品种选育的成就,介绍了棉花黄萎病抗性机理与功能基因发掘等方面的最新进展,为抗病分子设计育种提供理论支持。

This article outlined the progresses in the research on creation of resistance germplasm to Verticillium wilt in Gossypium hirsutum,and the development and achievement in resistant varieties breeding,as well as primitive understanding on the inheritance of cotton resistance to the disease and discovery of resistance genes.Distant hybridization breeding served as a powerful way to create the germplasm resistance to Verticillium wilt in upland cotton.Genetic engineering,a new technology,can be employed in the project of germplasm creation.Because of the complexity of the resistant mechanism,it seems that the resistance was not changed by transferring one or two major effect genes in resistant germplasm breeding.Resistance genes and pathogenesis-related genes discovered from upland cotton or relative species,the revealing of the mechanism and its defense will provide theoretical support for molecular design breeding strategy.