有机溶剂法从苦瓜籽假种皮中提取番茄红素的工艺探讨

Investigation on the Technique for the Extraction of Lycopene from Bitter Melon Aril by Organic Solvent

[目的]通过溶剂法从成熟苦瓜籽假种皮中提取番茄红素,开辟一条新的提取番茄红素的途径,为探索出具有工业化生产的工艺条件提供参考。[方法]苦瓜经人工催熟,收集其假种皮,经发酵、干燥处理,采用有机溶剂提取法,通过正交试验优选出混合溶剂比、溶剂物料比、提取时间和提取次数等参数。[结果]试验得出具有工业放大的工艺参数为:混合溶剂体积比(二氯甲烷∶丙酮)为2∶1,混合溶剂与物料比为7∶1 ml/g,提取时间50 min,提取次数3次;在此工艺条件下,从苦瓜籽假种皮中提取番茄红素的萃取率>95%,油树脂中番茄红素含量>8%,溶剂残留<50μg/g。[结论]苦瓜籽假种皮含有可工业开发的番茄红素,该工艺条件下的溶剂残留量达到国家食品标准要求,该方法从苦瓜籽假种皮中提取番茄红素具有可开发利用的经济价值。

[ Objective ] In order to explore industrialization process for lyeopene extraction from bitter melon aril and establish a new way of extracting lyeopene from tomato skin. Lyeopene extraction was carried out via extraction with organic solvent. [ Method] The aril was collected from bitter melon by artificial ripening. After fermentation and drying process, lyeopene was extracted from aril with mix organic solvent. Ex- traction conditions were optimized through orthogonal test including mixed solvent ratio, the ratio of solvent and aril material, extraction time and extraction times and so on. [ Result] The industrial amplification produce parameters as follows： the volume ratio mixed solvent of methyl- ene chloride to acetone is a 2：1, ratio of mixed solvent to bitter melon aril sample （V/IV） is 7：1 ml/g, the extraction time is 50 minutes, ex- traction times 3 times. Under the conditions, the extraction yield of lycopene from bitter melon aril was higher than 95%, lyeopene content in oil resin higher than 8% , the level of solvent residue was lower than 50 μg/g. [ Conclusion] The extraction conditions can be used to extract lycopene from bitter melon aril of industrialized production. Solvent residue lycopene meets the requirements of the national food standards. Lycopene extracted from bitter melon aril has economic value of development and utilization.