蚊虫对微生物和昆虫生长调节剂杀幼剂的抗药性及其管理

Resistance development and management in mosquitoes to microbial and insect growth regulator larvicides

微生物和昆虫生长调节剂杀幼剂因具有相对靶生物特异性与环境保护理念越来越广泛用于蚊虫控制。该文回顾了这些杀虫剂的作用原理、在蚊虫控制方面的使用概况、抗药性发展及管理的策略与措施。涉及到的杀虫剂包括天然微生物杀虫剂苏云金杆菌以色列变种、球形芽孢杆菌、刺糖多孢菌多杀菌素,以及人工合成的昆虫生长调节剂如烯虫酯、吡丙醚和除虫脲。抗药性发展的预防和控制是可持续性蚊虫综合治理成功的关键之一。

Mosquito larvicides derived from microbial organisms and insect growth regulators （IGR） have been increasingly used to control mosquito larvae. Their relative target specificity, non-target safety and environmentally friendly profile have been well documented. The current paper was intended to review and analyze the relevant information regarding resistance development and management strategies and measures. The biorational larvicides discussed include Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis de Bajac （B.t.i.）, Bacillus sphaericus Neide, spinosad derived from Saccharopolyspora spinosa Mertz and Yao, as well as IGRs such as methoprene, pyriproxyfen and diflubenzuron. The prevention of resistance and restoration of susceptibility in mosquitoes to these biorational larvicides are crucial to the success of sustainable integrated mosquito management.