86例维持性血液透析患者住院相关危险因素分析

Analyses of hospitalization related risk factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的 探讨维持性血液透析（MHD）患者的住院原因及相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析173例MHD患者的临床资料,分析其中86例患者的住院原因及相关危险因素.结果 86例患者住院的主要原因依次为心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、感染性疾病、消化道出血、血管通路阻塞.住院患者的透析龄、血红蛋白（Hb）和血浆白蛋白（Alb）、透析充分性（Kt/V）明显低于非住院组,住院患者的空腹血糖、透析后平均动脉压（MAP）明显高于非住院组（P均＜0.05）.多元逐步回归分析结果显示,低白蛋白、高血糖、高透析后平均动脉压是MHD患者住院的危险因素.结论 心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、感染性疾病、消化道出血、血管通路阻塞是血液透析患者住院的重要原因.低白蛋白血症、高血糖、高透析后平均动脉压是MHD患者住院的主要危险因素.

Objective To analysis the causes of hospitalization and related risk factors in maintenance hemodialysis （MHD）patients.Methods Of 173 patients recruited in current study,86 patients were hospitalized.The main causes and related risk factors for hospitalization were analyzed.Results The main causes of hospitalization were cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease,infectious diseases,alimentary tract hemorrhage and vascular occlusion.The dialysis age,hemoglobin （Hb）,Plasma albumin （Alb） in hospitalization group were lower than those in outpatient group.Fasting blood-glucose,mean arterial pressure（MAP） after analysis in hospitalization group were higher than those in outpatient group（all P 〈 0.05）.Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that Hypoalbuminemia,hyperglycemia,higher mean arterial pressure after analysis were the risk factors for hospitalization in MHD patients.Conclusion The important causes for hospitalization were cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease,infectious diseases,alimentary tract hemorrhage and vascular occlusion.Hypoalbuminema,hyperglycemia,higher MAP after analysis were risk factors of the hospitalization in MHD patients.