煤炭铁路运输过程中的环境污染及防治

Environmental pollution and prevention during coal railway transportation

煤炭在相当长的时期内仍然是中国最主要的一次能源,由于煤炭资源分布和消费地不均衡,造成了煤炭北煤南运,西煤东调的运输格局。煤炭运输是制约煤炭行业发展的瓶颈。目前,中国煤炭主要运输方式有:水路、公路、铁路。铁路运输是煤炭运输的主要方式。煤炭的铁路运输过程中,扬起的煤尘不仅造成煤炭资源损失,危害人类健康,还会影响铁路运行安全,危害沿线农作物生长。传统的车厢加盖或篷布遮盖防尘法,洒水防尘法已不能满足防尘需要。煤粒表层固化技术防尘法及综合防尘法被证明是最有效的防尘方法。

Coal is the major energy in China.Due to uneven distribution and consumption,coal is transported from north to south and from west to east.Coal transportation restrict the development of coal industry.Presently, coal transportation ways include water, truck and railway.The last one is the main way.During railway transportation, the coal dust harm people＇s health and crop growth along the railway, cause safety problems on train.The traditional dust control methods, such as putting covering over carriage, covering coal with tarpaulin, sprinkling water on coal,can＇t meet the demands. Coal grain surface solidify technology and comprehensive dustproof technology is the most effect dustproof methods.