Ghrelin,CGRP,NT对胃肠作用的研究进展

The Research Progress for Ghrelin, CGRP and NT on Gastrointestinal Function

胃肠道是人体内最大的激素分泌器官,是调节肽即胃肠激素最丰富的来源。胃肠激素与胃肠功能有很大关系,它们与神经系统一起,共同调节消化器官的运动、分泌和吸收及其他多种功能。促生长素(Ghrelin)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和神经降压素(NT)是近年来新发现的胃肠激素中的代表。Ghrelin主要由胃组织产生,可以促进胃肠蠕动,还可促进胃酸分泌,这些作用是由迷走神经所介导的,ghrelin还具有对消化道粘膜的保护作用,此作用受多种方式调控。CGRP广泛分布于中枢和外周神经系统,有调节胃肠血流、胃肠分泌及胃肠运动等多种功能,目前学者普遍认为CGRP这些生物学效应的发挥是通过一氧化氮(NO)及前列腺素(PG)介导的。NT广泛分布于脑和胃肠道及其它组织中,由肠道N细胞分泌,能够抑制胃肠运动,对胃肠黏膜细胞具有保护作用,这些作用是迷走神经、调节肽等多种途径介导的。随着对这三种胃肠激素的深入了解,人们将对人体胃肠道疾病产生更加深刻的认识。本文就近年来对Ghrelin、CGRP、NT对胃肠作用的研究作一综述。

The gastrointestinal tract is a largest hormone secretion organ,it is the most abundant source of regulation peptides. Gastrointestinal hormones are very important to gastrointestinal function,they regulate the movement, secretory ,absorptive and other functions with the nervous system.Ghrelin,CGRP and NT are gastrointestinal hormone of representative which are newly discovered in recent years.Ghrelin is mainly produced by stomach organization, it can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and promote the gastric acid secretion these effects are made by the vagus nerve mediated.Ghrelin can also protect the digestive tract mucosal.CGRP is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system, it can regulate gastrointestinal blood flow, gastric secretion and gastric bowel movement.At present,the scholars generally agree that this biological effect of CGRP is plied through the NO and PG mediation.NT is widely distributed in the brain and the gastrointestinal tract and other organization, it is secreted by the intestinal N cell, it can inhibit gastric bowel movement, it also can protect the gastrointestinal mucosa cellss. We summarized the research for Ghrelin, CGRP, NT on gastrointestinal function in recent years in this paper.