中药汤剂减少妇科腹腔镜手术患者术前禁食禁水时间及不良反应的调查分析

Investigation of Decoction Reducing Adverse Reactions of Fasting and Banned Water Time before Gynecological Laparoscopic Operation

目的:对妇科腹腔镜手术患者实际禁食禁水时间及不良反应进行调查分析。方法:选取2011年1月—2012年12月在医院进行妇科腹腔镜手术的400例患者作为研究对象。随机分为A、B、C、D4个组,每组各100例。A组患者采用传统术前12 h禁食,6 h禁水方法,B组采用术前6 h禁食,2 h禁水法,C组采用术前12 h禁食,6 h禁水法联合术后服用中药汤剂,D组采用术前6 h禁食,2 h禁水法联合术后服用中药汤剂。对所有患者术前和术中胃液量、术前焦虑抑郁程度及术后24 h恶心呕吐情况进行观测,并将各组观测结果进行比较分析。结果:各组间比较结果显示伴随禁食禁水时间的缩短,患者在术前焦虑抑郁情绪、饥饿口渴程度和术后恶心呕吐的情况都有一定程度的缓解,且A组和B组在焦虑抑郁、饥饿口渴Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级上有差异(P<0.05),具有统计学意义,B组和D组也有统计学意义。结论:妇科腹腔镜手术患者在术前6 h禁食,2 h禁水联合术后服用中药汤剂可有效控制术前术中胃液量,同时对缓解患者焦虑抑郁情绪及饥饿口渴程度有积极的作用。

Objective ： To investigate and analyze the adverse reactions of fasting and banned water time before gynecological laparoscopic operation. Methods： 400 patients who were treated with gynecological laparoscopic surgery in our hospital between January 2011 to December 2012 were randomly divided into four：A, B, C and D, 100 cases in each. A group used traditional method of fasting for 12 h and banned water for 6 h. B group used the method of fasting for 6 h and banned water for 2 h. C group used the method of fasting for 12 h and banned water for 6 h and decoction was used before operation. D group used the method of fasting for 6 h and banned water for 2 h and decoction was used before operation. Observations on the change of all patients in preoperative and intraoperative gastric volume, preoperative anxiety and depression ,nausea and vomiting in intraoperative 24 h were carried out and the result in each group was compared. Results： The comparison between each groups showed that as shortening the time of fasting and banned water,the situation of patients＇ preoperative anxiety and depression,hunger,thirst,and postoperative nausea and vomiting extended in 24 h with a certain degree of easing. The change of anxiety and depression, hunger and thirst of Ⅰ and Ⅱ levels in group A and B had the differences （ P 〈 0.05） with statistical significance,and the same with B and D. Conclusions： Laparoscopic surgery with fasting for 6 h and banned water for 2 h combined with decoction can effectively control the amount of preoperative volume, while it has a positive effect for alleviating the levels of anxiety and depression, hunger and thirst.