东莞市横沥镇流行性腮腺炎流行特征和防控策略

Epidemiological characteristics and preventive strategies of mumps in Hengli Town of Dongguan City

目的对东莞市横沥镇流行性腮腺炎的流行特征进行分析，判定高危人群，预测流行趋势，为制定有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2005至2013年东莞市横沥镇流行性腮腺炎发病资料进行分析。结果2005至2013年该镇共报告流腮病例314例，年平均报告发病率为17．56／10万，发病率在年份间的波动呈现双峰的特征；全年发病高峰为4—7月；男女性别比为2．05：1，发病年龄以0～14岁为主，发病人群主要是学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童；流动人口发病率显著高于户籍人口。结论应提高疫苗免疫覆盖率，加强流动人口儿童免疫管理，进一步落实人学查验预防接种证制度。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Hengli Town of Dongguan, determine the high-risk populations, forecast trends, and provide basis to develop measures for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out to the clinical data of the mumps cases reported from 2006 to 2012 in Hengli Town of Dongguan. Results From 2006 to 2012, a total of 314 mumps cases were reported, the average annual incidence rate was 17.56/105, incidence showed the characteristics of bimodal in years; the incidence peak occurred during April to July; the ration of male to female was 2.05：1, the cases were mainly distributed in group aged under 14 years and in pupils and children in and outside child care settings; the incidence rate of floating population was significantly higher than that of register population. Conclusion Increase of the immunization coverage rate, strengthening management of immunization for floating population and further verifying the vaccination history of children should be the necessary measures for controlling the mumps.