IgD在自身免疫病中作用的研究进展

Research progress on functions of IgD in autoimmune diseases

免疫球蛋白D(immunoglobulin D,IgD)最初认为是一类进化产生不久的、仅表达于部分哺乳动物体内的免疫球蛋白。然而,新近研究表明,IgD在绝大部分有颚脊椎动物体内都表达,且具有重要的免疫功能。其结构在进化过程中表现出多样性,哺乳类动物通过选择性剪切(alternative RNA splicing)和免疫球蛋白类别转换(class switch recombination,CSR)表达IgD。IgD既可以作为受体也可以作为配体参与免疫应答,但由于B细胞上IgD和IgM功能不易区分,且T细胞等免疫细胞上的IgD受体(IgD receptor,IgD-R)未被克隆,IgD的免疫调节机制尚不明确。故本文就IgD对T、B淋巴细胞功能的影响及其在自身免疫病中的作用、机制作一简要综述。

Immunoglobtdin D （igD） was initially thought to be a recently evolved ig isotype expressed only by soxne inaxnxnalian species, but recent discoveries demonstrate that igD was presenl in most jawed vertebrates and has important inmmnological func- tions. The structure of igD has been very dynamic throughout e- volution, and nlamnlals can express igD through alternative RNA splicing and class switch recombination （CSR）. igD can take part in inmmne responses as both receptor and ligand, but the specific mechanism of igD in inmmnologieul regulation still re- mains uncertain because on one hand the differences of igD and igM function on B cells are not identified, on the other hand igD receptor （IgD-R） on T cell and other immune cells has not been cloned yet. Hence, this article makes a brief summary on the effect d igD on T/B cells and its function and mechanism in au- toimmune diseases.