渤海排污口邻近海域异养细菌的组成与分布

Diversity and Distribution of Marine Heterotrophic Bacteria Influenced by Discharge Outlets in Bohai Area

对渤海4个重点监测排污口(北塘、大蒲河、弥河和虞河)邻近海域异养细菌的组成和分布进行了调查研究。结果表明,分离到的各排污口邻近海域的细菌隶属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)4个细菌类群,其中变形菌门的细菌最丰富。各排污口的优势菌有所不同,北塘、弥河2个采样点的优势菌分别为Bacillus sp.、Pseudoalteromonas sp.,大蒲河采样点的优势菌为Vibrio sp.和Oceanospirillum sp.,虞河采样点的优势菌为Shewanella sp.和Bacillus sp.。多维尺度分析表明,北塘和虞河采样点的细菌种群特征较相近,细菌种群分布特征可能与排污口的海洋环境有一定的相关性。

An investigation was done that the diversity and distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in the adja-cent area of four main monitored discharge outlets in Bohai,which located in Beitang,Dapuhe,Mihe and Yuhe,re-sectively.The results showed that all the isolated bacterial strains belonged to four phyla,including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes,in which Proteobacteria was the dominant phyla.Furthermore,the dominant bacteria of four sampling locations are different.To be specific,Bacillus sp.and Pseudoalteromonas sp. were found to be dominant in Beitang and Mihe,respectively.Vibrio sp.and Oceanospirillum sp.were prevailing in Dapuhe,while the dominant bacteria of Yuhe were Shewanella sp.and Bacillus sp.Results of MDS analysis indica-ted that the bacterial population characteristics from Beitang and Yuhe were similar to each other,suggesting that the diversity and distribution of bacteria probably be related with the marine environment.