酶氧前处理新工艺节能减排效果评估

Evaluation of energy conservation and emissions reduction of enzyme-oxygen pretreatment

通过将酶氧前处理新工艺与传统碱氧前处理工艺在水、电、汽消耗及废水的可生化性方面进行对比,结果表明新工艺的废水色度低,COD降低34.09%,节水25.63%,节约蒸汽33.77%,节电9.82%,综合节能32.70%。同时新工艺处理后的棉型织物各项指标(白度、毛效、棉籽壳去除率、退浆率、强力等)均达到半制品质量要求。同时分别对H2O2和NaOH对PVA在溶液均相体系中的作用进行分析,发现NaOH对PVA大分子基本没有降解作用,在热碱作用下,绝大多数的PVA发生溶胀以溶胶状态留在溶液中;而H2O2处理后的PVA溶液,均降解为相对分子质量10 000以下的小分子有机物,其中相对分子质量在1 000以下的小分子有机物含量占55.6%,易于废水处理,因此该工艺应用前景广阔。

A comparison was conducted between the new technique enzyme-oxygen pretreatment and the conventional alkali-hydrogen peroxide pretreatment of cotton fabrics in respect of the consumption of water,power and steam,and COD in the waste water,and the results displayed that the new technique could save water,power,steam and standard coal by 25.63％,9.82％,33.77％,32.70％,respectively,along with COD reduced by 34.09％ and lower chromatic value of the waste water.Various indexes of the fabric treated by the new technique such as whiteness,capillary effect,cottonseed shell removal rate,desizing rate and strength were up to the quality standards of semi-finished goods.The effects of hydrogen peroxide and NaOH on polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） in homogeneous solution system were investigated,and it was found that NaOH had not any effect on the degradation of macromolecules of the PVA which only swelled under the action of hot NaOH and remained in the solution in the sol state.However,when treated with H2O2,PVA was degraded to small molecular organics with molecular weight less than 10 000,among them,the small molecular organics with molecular weight less than 1 000 occupied 55.6％,thus faciliating waste water treatment.Based on above analysis,the new technique has wide potential applications.