老年糖尿病患者住院期间发生低血糖的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of hypoglycemia in elderly patients with diabetes during hospitalization

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者住院期间发生低血糖的危险因素。方法回顾性分析在本院接受诊疗的41例糖尿病患者的临床资料(观察组),另选取同期在本院接受治疗的未发生低血糖的35例老年糖尿病患者作为对照组。结果观察组患者饮酒比例显著高于对照组(χ2=8.280,P=0.004)。观察组合用β受体阻滞剂的患者比例、多种硫脲类药合用的患者比例、更换降糖药的患者比例、饮食不规律的患者比例及过度运动的患者比例均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。入院时,观察组患者血尿素氮水平、血肌酐水平、血尿素水平及血谷丙转氨酶水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,肝功能异常、合用β受体阻滞剂、多种硫脲类药合用、饮酒及更换降糖药是导致老年糖尿病患者住院期间并发低血糖的独立风险因素(P<0.05)。结论老年糖尿病患者住院期间有一定的低血糖发生率,不当的治疗及不良生活习惯可能会影响低血糖的发生。

Objective To explore the risk factors of hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients during hospitalization. Methods Clinical material of 76 patients with diabetes was retrospective analyzed. 41 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia were in observation group while the other 35 diabetic patients without hypoglycemia were in control group. Results The percentage of drinking of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group （χ2 = 8. 280, P = 0. 004）. The ratio of patients with application of Beta blocker, the proportion of patients with a variety of thiourea drugs, replacement of antidiabetic drugs, the proportion of patients with irregular diet and excessive movement in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. At the time of admission, level of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, blood urea and serum alanine aminotransferase in the observation group were sig- nificantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal liver function, mixture application of beta blocker, a variety of thiourea drugs, alcohol and replacement of hypoglycemic drugs were the independent risk factors to cause hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients during hospitalization （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Hypoglycemia could occur in elderly diabetic patients during hospitalization, and improper treatment and bad habits may affect the occurrence of hypoglycemia