变应性鼻炎患者血清总IgE和特异性IgE分析

Survey on distribution of serum total IgE and specific IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis in Shenzhen district

目的分析深圳特区变应性鼻炎的吸入性过敏原分布特点,为该地区变应性鼻炎的预防、诊断和治疗提供依据。方法采用德国Mediwiss过敏原体外检测系统,对569例变应性鼻炎患者血清特异性IgE和总IgE检测结果进行回顾性分析。结果 569例变应性鼻炎患者中,吸入性过敏原中以户尘螨阳性率最高(62.6%),其次是蟑螂、狗毛和屋尘,阳性率分别为14.4%、14.1%和10.0%;男女性别间过敏原阳性率没有显著差异(P>0.05),但儿童组吸入性过敏原阳性率为87.8%,成人组吸入性过敏原阳性率为65.4%,两者差异显著(P<0.0001);血清总IgE阳性率为81.9%,吸入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性率为74.2%,总IgE阳性率明显高于特异性IgE阳性率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。结论户尘螨是诱发深圳特区变应性鼻炎的主要过敏原;儿童AR患者过敏原阳性率高于成人AR患者,可能与其免疫系统发育尚不完善有关;联合检测血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE可提高变应性鼻炎诊断的准确性。

Objective To explore the distributive characteristics of inhaled allergens responsible for allergic rhinitis in population of Shenzhen district and to provide the scientific basis for its prevention, etiological diagnosis and treatment. Methods The Mediwiss Allergen Screening System had been applied for detection of total serum IgE and allergen - specific IgE in 569 patients with allergic rhinitis. Results The positive rate for Dermatophagoides farinae was the highest （62.6%）, followed by cockroach, dog dander and house dust, and their positive rates were 14.4%, 14. 1% and 10. 0% respectively. There was no significant statistical difference between males and females （ P 〉 0.05）, but there was difference between age groups. The positive rate of children group with allergic rhinitis was 87.8%, and it was much higher than that of adult group （ P 〈 0. 005 ）. The positive rate of total serum IgE was 81.9%, it for allergen - specific IgE was 74.2%, and there was significant difference between children and adult groups （ P 〈 0. 005 ）. Conclusion Dermatophagoides farinae is the most important allergen responsible for patients with allergic rhinitis in Shenzhen district. Children are more sensitive to inhaled allergens than adults. The combined detection of total serum IgE and allergen - specific IgE will raise the accuracy of diagnosis for allergic rhinitis.