小鼠→大鼠异位心脏移植模型的建立

The establishment of the model for Mouse-to-rat heart transplantation.

目的：建立小鼠→大鼠异种心脏移植动物模型。方法：选择NIH小鼠和Wistar大鼠分别作为供体和受体。小鼠升主动脉与大鼠右颈总动脉端端吻合，小鼠肺动脉与大鼠右颈外静脉端端吻合以建立小鼠→大鼠颈部异位心脏移植模型。排斥后取移植心脏作病理学检查。结果：移植成功率87%(13/15)。移植心脏平均存活时间2.15±0.90天。病理检查发现排斥心脏中广泛血管内血栓形成，出血及炎症细胞浸润，部分心肌有局灶性梗塞和凝固性坏死。结论：本模型容易操作，易于观察，稳定可靠，是研究异种移植较理想的动物模型。

Objective: To establish mouse-to-rat heart transplantation for the rejection of xenografts. Methods: NIH mice and Wistar rats were served as donors and recipients respectively. Heart from the donor was transplanted heterotopically into the recipient. The aorta of the donor heart was anastomosed end-to-end to the right common carotid artery of the recipient and the pulmonary artery was anastomosed end-to-end to the right external jugular vein using a microsurgery technique. Xenograft function was assessed by daily palpation, and the day of rejection was defined as the day when no pulsations could be detected in the transplanted heart. The rejected xenografts were analysed histologically. Results: 15 times of transplantation were done with the successful rate of 87%. The mean survival time of the xenografts was 2.15±0.90 days. The histology of the rejected xenografts showed widespread intravascular thrombosis, less hemorrhage associated with a large number of infiltrated inflammatory cells, focal ischemic infarcts and coagulative necrosis. Conclusion: These data suggest that mouse-to-rat heart transplantation with its simplicity, easiness and reliablity, is a good model in studying xenotransplantation.