微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取金柑果皮精油及其对桔小实蝇引诱活性的影响

The Extraction Process of Essential Oil from Fortunella Peel via Steam Distillation Combined with Microwave and Its Influence on the Attracted Activity of the Fruit Fly

采用微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取金柑果皮精油,研究其对桔小实蝇的引诱活性。试验结果表明:由响应面优化试验设计所得方程达到显著水平,果皮精油的最佳提取工艺条件为夹带剂含量3%,提取时间63 min,液料比20∶1(mL/g),实际测得的精油提取率为4.3%。试验因素影响程度为:液料比>夹带剂含量>提取时间。不同浓度的金柑果皮精油对桔小实蝇雌虫均有显著的引诱活性,经单因素方差分析,当测试时间为10 min时选择处理与对照的雌虫数量达到差异显著水平(P<0.05);当测试时间为40 min时,10μL/mL和20μL/mL金柑精油对桔小实蝇雌虫的引诱率最高,分别为81.0%和88.6%。

Extraction process of essential oil from Fortunella peel via steam distillation combined with microwave and the influence of the essential oil on the attraction activity to the fruit fly were studied in this paper. Results showed that the model obtained by response surface method was significant, and when the entrainer concentration was 3%, extraction time was 63 min, and the ratio of solvent and substrate was 20, the essential oil reached the maximum value which was 4.3%. In addition, the ratio of solvent and substrate showed the greatest impact on the extraction ratio of essential oil, and then it was entrainer concentration and extraction time. What＇s more, there were significant impacts of variousconcentration of essential oil on the attraction activity to female fruit fly. According to variance analysis, it was found that after testing for 10 min, the number of female fruit fly with essential oil was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than the control sample. When the testing time reached 40 min, the attraction activity to female fruit fly reached at the highest level which was 81.0% and 88.6% respectively, when the concentration of essential oil reached at 10μL/mL and 20μL/ mL.