广东惠州地区573例泌尿系结石成分分析

Composition analysis of urinary tract stones in 573 patients in Huizhou District of Guangdong

目的：分析惠州地区泌尿系结石成分构成情况，探讨该地区泌尿系结石成因，为临床防治结石及复发提供理论依据。方法对收集的573例尿路结石标本进行化学成分测定，并结合患者临床资料进行统计分析。结果泌尿系结石患者男女比例为1.24：1，51~60岁年龄段患者所占比例最高，上尿路结石患者明显多于下尿路结石，比例为12.6：1。钙盐在结石化学成分最高，占91.8%，其次是草酸盐，占83.1%，胱氨酸在结石成分中最为少见。上下尿路结石成分不相同，磷酸盐、尿酸及尿酸盐、镁盐、铵盐在上下尿结石成分所占比例不同，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论采用化学法分析结石成分简单可行，可满足临床对结石成分分析的需求，对预防结石形成和复发具有重要的指导意义。

Objective To analyze the constituents of urinary stone in Huizhou area, investigate the causes of its formation, and provide theoretical basis for treatment and avoiding recurrence of it in patient. Methods Chemical analysis was carried out with 573 urinary stones samples, and then the results were statistic analyzed combined with the clinical data. Results Urinary stones occurred more often in male patient than in female with the ratio of 1.24：1. The incidence of urinary tract stones in persons 51 to 60 years old was higher than any other age stage. The incidence of upper urinary tract stones was higher than that of lower urinary tract stones, with the ratio of 12.6：1. The highest chemical composition is calcium, which accounted for 91.8%, followed by oxalate, which accounted for 83.1%, and cystine calculus was the rarest ingredient. The ingredients of upper and lower urinary tract stones are not identical. There were significantly differences in the proportions of phosphate, uric acid and uric acid salts, magnesium salts, and salts between the upper and lower urinary stones. Conclusion The chemical method for analyzing the stone com-position is simple and feasible, which could meet the clinical requirement and is helpful to prevent the formation and recurrence of urinary stone.