美洲大蠊对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的药理作用研究

Pharmacological Study on Periplaneta Americana against Alcohol-induced Liver Injury

目的:探讨美洲大蠊药材对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的药理作用,为美洲大蠊的工业化生产及临床安全提供理论依据。方法:KM小鼠按体质量随机分为6组:空白组、模型组、阳性组及美洲大蠊药材高、中、低剂量组,其中阳性组按100 mg·kg-1灌胃给予硫普罗宁,药材高、中、低剂量组分别按6.667、3.333、1.667g·kg-1剂量连续10天灌胃给予药材全粉,第10天给药后3 h,除空白组灌胃等体积水,其余各组灌胃14mL·kg-1的56°红星二锅头。禁食不禁水12 h,眼眶取血,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)活性。剖取肝脏,测定肝重系数,同时观察肝脏病理组织变化。结果:与空白组比较,模型组血清ALT、AST活性显著升高(P<0.01),GGT活性明显升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,高、中剂量组GGT、AST活性明显升高(P<0.05),ALT活性显著升高(P<0.01),高、中、低剂量组小鼠肝脏病理均有严重损伤。结论:美洲大蠊药材全粉对酒精性肝损伤有一定的毒副作用。

This study was aimed to explore the effect of Periplaneta Americana against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of P. Americana. Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, which were the normal group, model group, positive group, high-, middle-, low-dose of P. Americana groups. Intragastric administration of Tiopronin Enteric-coated Tablets 100 mg·kg-1 was given to the positive group. Intragastric administrations of whole powder of medicine were given to the high-, middle-, low-dose groups with the dosage of 6.667, 3.333, 1.667 g·kg-1, respectively. The drugs were given daily for 10 con-secutive days. After 3h of the 10th day drug administration, intragastric administration of distilled water was given to the normal group, while 14mL·kg-1 of 56℃ Red Star Liquor was given to other groups. No food was given but water for 12h. Blood was collected from the orbit. The ALT, AST and GGT in blood serum of mice were measured. The liver was dissected and liver coefficient was calculated. Histopathological examination was given on liver tissues. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the level of ALT, AST in blood serum of the model group had obvious enhanced （P〈 0.01）, the level of GGT had obvious enhanced （P〈 0.05）. Compared with the model group, the level of GGT, AST of the high-, middle-dose group had obvious enhanced （P〈 0.05）, the level of ALT activity had obvious enhanced （P〈 0.01）. There were severe liver histopathological damages in mice of the high-, middle-, low-dose group. It was concluded that P. Americana had some side effects in the treatment of alcohol-induced liver injury.