“禅僧”与“诗人”:寒山的自我镜像和他者印象

“Zen Monk”and“Poet”:Self-image and the Others' Impression on Hanshan

寒山在生前身后有过儒生、狂徒、侠客、道人、隐士、禅僧等身份,一直处于"变相"的状态。就寒山的自我镜像而言,从现存寒山诗集中第一首作品及其他文本的叙述情境中,可以看出寒山"诗人"与"禅僧"双重身份的自我认同。从他者的观照角度出发,无论是文本在列代官家艺文志还是私家藏书目录的著录,不管是官方主流话语还是民间普世观念,寒山的主体身份在诗界、佛国里被定格为"诗人"与"禅僧"。但寒山的双重身份也遭遇到有离有合、有正有变的境地。

Hanshan, used to have the identity of a Confucian scholar, fanatics, paladin, Taoist, hermit and Zen monk, etc in his life and after death, being in a ＂changing＂ condition. On Hanshan＇s self-image, it could be inspected ＂Poet＂ and ＂Zen monk＂ double identity of self-identity from the first song in the existing poems and narrative situation of the other texts. On the others＇ observation, the main identity of Hanshan has been as ＂Poet＂ and ＂Zen monk＂ in the poetic circles and Buddhist world, no matter the text record of the official art and literature or the private library catalogue, no matter the official mainstream discourse or the folk universal concept. But Hanshan＇s double identity was in a disjunct or con- joint, positive or negative position.