南滚河国家级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物的分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Rare and Endangered Plants in Nangun River National Nature Reserve

采用样地调查、线路调查的方法，对云南省南滚河国家级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物的资源状况及分布特征进行了研究。结果表明，（1）南滚河国家级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物共计206种，隶属于44科108属。其中，国家重点保护野生植物21种，云南省重点保护野生植物36种， IUCN红色名录植物17种， CITES附录植物143种。（2）发现新分布种长蕊木兰、水青树和逸生种喜树。（3）珍稀濒危种子植物区系联系广泛，属级水平上具有极强的热带性质；种级水平上具有热带成分向温带成分过渡的特征，且特有现象突出，与滇西南、滇南分布联系密切。（4）海拔510～2977 m，珍稀濒危植物的丰富度随海拔的增加呈先增后减的趋势，集中分布在海拔1000～1500 m的季风常绿阔叶林中。该保护区珍稀濒危植物面临的主要威胁是人为破坏，并针对所受威胁提出了保护建议。

Based on the data collected from sample-plots survey and sample-lines survey , the distribution characteristics of rare and endangered plants in Nangun River National Nature Reserve were studied .The results indicate that： 1） There are 206 rare and endangered plants in the reserve which belong to 108 genera and 44 families, including 21 species of national key protected plants , 36 species of Yunnan key protected plants , 17 species in the International Union for Conservation of Nature （ IUCN） Red List, and 143 species in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species （ CITES ） .2 ） Camptotheca acuminate as escaped species , and Alcimandra cathcartii, Tetracentron sinense are new records in the reserve .3） The flora is characterised by extremely diversified , tropical floristic elements in genera level , and by transition from tropical floristic elements to temperate floristic elements in species level , and obvious phenomena of endemism in species , a much closer ration with Southwest and South Yunnan in species distribution .4） In terms of vertical distribution of rare and endangered species , there is a tendency of firstly increase and then descend with the increasing of altitude between 510-2 977 m, and the concentrated distribution altitude is 1 000-1 500 m where is the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest .Human activities are the main threat in the reserve , and several suggestions are proposed in regards to conservation of these rare and endangered plants .