农民兼业化与农业生产要素投入的相关性研究——基于农村固定观察点农户数据的分析

A Correlation Study on Farmer′s Concurrent Business Behavior and Changes in Factors of Production:Analysis Based on a Survey of Farmers form Rural Fixed Obsewation Points

随着二、三产业的发展,农民兼业收入已成为农民家庭收入的重要组成部分,然而农民这种兼业行为会降低农业生产的劳动投入,特别是会降低无法用雇工和机械替代的农业生产管理的劳动投入,因此,有必要研究农民兼业化行为对农业生产要素投入的影响。本研究通过多元线性模型验证农民兼业化对农业生产要素投入的影响。结果显示,农民的兼业化对家庭土地投入规模有显著负向影响,对家庭的机械使用量有显著正向影响,对生产资料的投入量存在着负向效应。这说明,农村劳动力的兼业行为,并非是在劳动力完全剩余状况下产生的,农民的兼业行为会降低农业生产的人力投入,农民家庭会通过改变生产要素的投入量,来实现家庭收入最大化。

With the development of secondary and tertiary industries,the wage income from concurrent business endeavors has become an important component of farmers′ household income.However,farmers′ current business behavior will discount their input into agricultural production,especially those labor input which cannot be substituted by machinery or other employment:hence the significance of the study on correlation study on farmer′s concurrent business behavior and changes in factors of production.Through multiple linear model,this article attempted to show the effects of farmer′s concurrent business behavior on changes in factors of agricultural production.The results showed that the behavior of farmer′s concurrent business has a remarkable negative influence on the acreage of the family land area as well as the input of the means of agricultural production,but a significant positive influence on the mechanical input.This further showed that the farmer′s concurrent business behavior is not the outcome of labor surplus,and it can reduce the input in agricultural production and that by changing the input factors of production,the family can achieve the maximization of family income.