通过改革避免“中等收入陷阱”

Towards Avoiding “Middle Income Trap” Through Reform

进入中等收入阶段以后,随着人口红利的消失,潜在增长率自然下降,实际增长速度也开始降低,许多国家因而落入所谓的"中等收入陷阱"。但是,进入中等收入阶段并不必然落入"中等收入陷阱",关键是必须能够正确认识发展阶段,靠挖掘改革红利提供生产率而不是依赖拉动需求的方法来刺激经济。要提供全要素生产率就要鼓励竞争,优化资源配置,同时大力发展教育和培训,提高人力资本。

Since the reform and opening-up,remarkable achievements have been made in China＇s economic de-velopment and China＇s per capita GDP has surpassed 6000 US dollars,with the country entering a stage of middleand above income. However,China＇s economy has also stepped into a new stage,having crossed the Lewis Turn-ing Point： the potential rate of growth declined in 2012 as the demographic dividends disappeared. Many coun-tries fell into so-called “middle income trap”as their growth stagnated,as warned by the World Bank and otherorganizations. Hence the “middle income trap”was hotly discussed by people in all circles at home and abroad.The present paper dealt with how China can avoid “middle income trap”from both theoretical and empirical per-spectives.