农村已婚女性就业转移意愿与能力:一个经验检验

An Empirical Analysis on the Intention and Capability of Rural Married Women's Employment Transfer

已有的农村劳动力就业转移研究因未有效区分转移意愿与能力的差异而致实证分析存在样本选择偏误。本研究从转移意愿和能力两个维度对农村劳动力转移决策深入甄别的同时,运用实地调研数据定量研究农村已婚女性就业转移意愿与能力及其影响因素。研究表明:年龄是影响"有效转移""潜在转移"和"隐蔽转移"的农村已婚女性就业转移意愿与能力的重要因素;较高的受教育水平提高了农村已婚女性的工作预期而致其就业难度增加进而降低了其就业转移意愿。职业培训对农村已婚女性实现"有效转移"具有显著正向影响。家庭外出务工总人数对农村已婚女性就业转移具有显著的家庭"跟随"效应。村庄特征和子女教育是影响农村已婚女性"有效转移"的重要因素。

Due to the inadequate distinction of transfer intention and capability,the previous studies on the rurallabor employment transfer are inflicted with the sampling bias. The study made a sufficient distinction in the rurallabor transfer decision from the two dimensions of transfer intention and capability,and delved empirically into thetransfer intention and capability of rural married women and their influencing factors with the survey data. The re-sult showed that age is an important factor affecting the employment transfer intention and capability of rural mar-ried women who engage in “effective transfer”,“potential transfer”and “hidden transfer”. Higher education lev-el increased the employment expectation,and accordingly the employment difficulty and decreased the employ-ment transfer intention on the part of rural married women. Vocational training had a positive impact on the “ef-fective transfer”. The aggregate number of the family migration labors had a remarkable “following”effect on theemployment transfer of rural married women. The feature of the village and the education of offspring are also im-portant factors affecting the “effective transfer”of rural married women.