口腔感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Study and analyze on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of patients with oral infections

目的探讨口腔感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性,为治疗抗菌药物的选择提供依据。方法选取2011年4月-2013年4月进行治疗的96例口腔感染患者为研究对象,将所有患者的待检标本采用VITEK-2Compact全自动微生物分析系统进行检测,并采用PhoenixTM 100全自动细菌鉴定/药敏分析仪对检测所得的病原菌进行分析。结果 96例口腔感染患者中共检出病原菌145株,其中革兰阳性球菌87株占60.00%,革兰阴性杆菌46株占31.72%,真菌12株占8.28%,革兰阳性球菌的检出率明显高于革兰阴性杆菌和真菌,其中金黄色葡萄球菌检出36株占24.83%,明显高于其他病原菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、头孢唑林、阿米卡星的耐药率分别为88.89%、83.33%、66.67%,对万古霉素的耐药率为0,肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮的耐药率分别为90.00%、85.00%、50.00%,对亚胺培南的耐药率最低为5.00%。结论口腔感染患者病原菌以革兰阳性球菌为主,且耐药性也各有特点。

OBJECTIVE To investigate and study the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of patients with oral infections ,in order to provide evidence for the selection of drugs .METHODS 96 patients with oral infections in our hospital from April 2012 to April 2013 were selected as research subjects ,and the pathogenic bacteria of all the patients were detected and compared ,then the drug resistance were analyzed and studied . RESULTS A total of 145 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 96 patients with oral infections ,among which 87 strains were gram-positive cocci ,accounting for 60 .00% ,46 strains of gram-negative bacilli accounting for 31 .72% ,and 12 fungi accounting for 8 .28% .The rate of gram-positive cocci were obviously higher than those of gram-negative bacilli ,among which Staphylococcus aureus were detected in 36 strains ,accounting for 24 .83% , obvious higher than those of other pathogenic bacteria ,and the difference has statistical significance （P〈0 .05） . S .aureus among gram-positive cocci were mainly resistant to penicillin ,cefazolin and amikacin ,and the rates were 88 .89% ,83 .33% and 66 .67% . The drug resistance to vancomycin was 0 . K lebsiella pneumoniae in gram negative bacilli were mainly resistant to ampicillin ,cefatriaxone and cefoperazone ,and the rates were 90 .00% , 85 .00% and 50 .00% ,and the lowest resistance rate was 5 .00% to imipenem .CONCLUSION The pathogenic bacteria of patients with oral infections are mainly the gram-positive cocci ,and their drug resistance have different characteristics .