心内科住院患者医院感染的临床特征分析

Characteristics and nursing countermeasures for nosocomial infections among cardiology inpatients

目的分析心内科住院患者医院感染的临床特征,并探讨针对性的护理干预对策,为降低医院感染提供依据。方法回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年3月心内科2 157例住院患者的临床资料,统计其医院感染率,分析发生感染的相关因素,并提出相应的护理干预措施,数据采用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2 157例心内科住院患者中发生医院感染108例,感染率5.0%,感染部位以呼吸系统居首位,占48.2%;108例感染患者送检血液、尿液、痰液等各类标本102份,送检率为94.4%,共检出病原菌78株,检出率76.5%;患者年龄大﹑病程长、住院时间长、心功能差、合并其他疾病、应用抑酸剂、侵入性操作、预防性应用抗菌药物均是医院感染发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论加强医院感染管理与健康宣教、基础护理操作规范化、合理使用抗菌药物,可有效降低医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and nursing countermeasures for nosocomial infections among cardiology inpatients ,and analyze the specific nursing countermeasures ,in order to provide evidence for nosocomial infections .METHODS The physical examination data of 2157 cardiology inpatients in our city from 2010 .1 to 2013 .3 were retrospectively analyzed ,and the incidence of nosocomial infections were investigated .All the cases were divided into infection group（n= 108） and uninfection group（n= 2049） ,the related factors were analyzed ,and nursing intervention measures was put forward .RESULTS There was 108 cases of nosocomial infections among 2157 cases of cardiology inpatients ,with the incidence was 5 .0% ,respiratory infection ranked in the first ,and the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria was 76 .5% .The age ,long course ,a long term of stay ,with other diseases ,poor cardiac function ,invasive operation ,application of acid suppressing agent and preventive application of antibiotics were all risk factors of nosocomial infections .CONCLUSION Strengthening management of nosocomial infections and health education , the standardization of nursing procedures , rationally using the antibiotics ,can contribute to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections .