不翻瓣微创术在种植手术中的临床观察

A mini-invasive flapless surgery in dental implantation:a clinical report

目的比较不翻瓣手术与翻瓣手术在口腔种植中的效果，为医生提供安全、有效的临床经验。方法选择后牙区单颗牙缺失患者，不翻瓣组25人应用手术导板辅助进行不翻瓣种植手术，另选择常规翻瓣种植手术的患者25A-作对照组。比较手术时间、术后24小时疼痛程度、术后4～6个月修复时种植体边缘骨吸收程度、以及修复后12个月的随访评估。结果与常规翻瓣种植术式相比，不翻瓣微创手术在手术时间（P〈0．01）、术后24小时疼痛程度及术后4～6个月修复时种植体边缘骨吸收程度（P〈0．05）这三个方面均具有统计学意义。结论不翻瓣微创手术可有效缩短患者手术时间、减少术后疼痛，降低种植体边缘的骨吸收程度，且可以达到稳定的骨结合，是一种值得推荐的手术方法。

Objective To compare the effects of flapless surgery with that of flap surgery in dental implantation and to provide clinical experience which was safe and effective to dentists. Methods Patients with single tooth loss at posterior area were selected, 25 patients in flapless group underwent mini-invasive flapless surgery by using surgical guide plate to aid. Additionally, 25 patients undergoing routine flap implant surgery were selected as a control group. In two groups, the operative duration, the extent of postoperative pain in 24 hours after surgery, the absorbed extent of bone at the edge of implant in 4 to 6 months after surgery, as well as the evaluation of follow-up in 12 months after surgery were compared. Results When compared with control group, there was statistically significant difference in the operative duration （P〈0.05）, the extent of postoperative pain in 24 hours after surgery （P〈0.05） and in the absorbed extent of bone at the edge of implant in 4 to 6 months after surgery （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The mini-invasive flapless surgery was worth to recommend as it can shorten the operative duration, minimize the extent of patient＇s postoperative pain, reduce the absorbed extent of bone at the edge of implant, and a reliable combination of bone can be achieved.