二点委夜蛾飞行行为特征

Flight ability of Athetis lepigone

【目的】本研究旨在阐明二点委夜蛾的飞行行为特征,丰富二点委夜蛾飞行生物学理论,提高其预测预报水平。【方法】利用昆虫飞行磨被动吊飞系统和主动飞行监测系统,系统研究了二点委夜蛾Athdtis lepigone(M(o|¨)schler)被动飞行能力和主动飞行意愿。【结果】成虫具有较强的被动飞行潜力。室内连续吊飞80 h,雌雄蛾最远飞行距离分别达106.71 km和148.32 km,最长飞行时间分别达43.05 h和40.01h,最快飞行速度分别达7.60 km/h和8.14 km/h。雄蛾飞行潜力显著强于雌蛾,体现在飞行距离和飞行时间显著高于雌蛾,但飞行速度差异不显著。成虫蛾龄显著影响成虫飞行能力。对不同蛾龄成虫吊飞12 h的结果表明,1日龄即具备一定的飞行能力,之后逐渐增强,3日龄时飞行能力最强,雌雄蛾平均飞行距离分别为29.61 km和27.55 km,飞行时间分别为10.04 h和9.46 h,平均飞行速度分别达2.76 kn/h和2.46km/h,4日龄成虫飞行能力开始下降,但不同性别间成虫飞行能力差异不显著。蛾龄间飞行能力差异主要是由于不同蛾龄成虫的强、弱飞行个体比例不同。二点委夜蛾主动飞行呈现明显的节律行为,飞行活动主要集中在暗期(19:00—次日5:00),在光期(5:00—19:00)基本不飞行。成虫初羽化(1日龄)主动飞行意愿增强,之后飞行活动减少,但产卵开始时主动飞行活动又开始增强,到7日龄达到峰值。【结论】二点委夜蛾成虫具有较强的飞行能力,其飞行能力受蛾龄,雌雄等因素影响;飞行具有明显的节律性。

[Objectives] To describe the flight characteristics of Athetis lepigone （Moschler） thereby improving our understanding of its biology and the ability to forecast outbreaks of this species. [Methods] The flight capacity and flight willingness of lepigone were tested in a flight mill with a positive flight monitoring system. [Results] A. lepigone adults have strong passive flight potential. During 80 h of tethered flight, the farthest recorded flight distance of adult males and females were 106.71 km and 148.32 kin, the longest flight duration were 43.05 h and 40.01 h and the fastest flight speed were up to 7.60 km/h and 8.14 km/h, respectively. The average flight duration and flight distance of male moths were significantly longer than those of females, but there was no significant difference in flight velocity between the sexes. There was an obvious variation in the flight capacity of adults from 1 to 4 four days post-emergence. Newly emerged adults had weak flight capacity during their first day post-emergence but flight capacity increased to a peak level after 3 days. Flight capacity declined from day 4 but there was no significant difference in flight ability between the sexes. The observed variation in flight ability from 1 to 4 d post-emergence is mainly attributed to different proportions of strong vs weak fliers in each age group. Flight activity was mainly concentrated during the hours of darkness and displayed obvious temporal rhythms. The strongest propensity for flight occurred on days 1 and 7 after emergence. [Conclusion] Adult A. lepigone have generally strong flight capacity that varies with age post-emergence and sex. Flight activity displays obvious temporal rhythms.