蒙古族与汉族婴幼儿髋关节发育异常的超声研究

Study of developmental dysplasia of hip in the Mongol nationality and the Han nationality infants using ultrasonography

目的探讨超声在婴幼儿发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH)诊断中的作用,并对比研究蒙古族与汉族婴幼儿DDH发病率的情况。方法 6个月以下婴幼儿332例,共664个髋关节,二维超声应用Graf法检查髋关节,将髋关节分为5型;并辅以四维超声观察关节整体情况。结果Ⅳ型完全脱位5个,Ⅲ型半脱位19个,Ⅱ型发育不良28个,骨性髋臼缘稍钝29个,Ⅰ型583个;汉族与蒙古族DDH发生率差异无统计学意义;女性DDH发病率高于男性(P<0.05),左侧DDH发病率高于右侧(P<0.05)。二维超声与四维超声对髋关节发育情况的检查高度一致。结论蒙古族与汉族DDH发生率无明显族群差异,超声诊断DDH具有简单、安全的优点,更适合DDH的早期筛查。

Objective To explore the incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip （DDH） in the Mongol nationality and the Han nationality infants and the role of ultrasonography in diagnosis of DDH. Methods Three hundred and thirty-two infants who were under six months and six hundred and sixty-four hip joints were examined using 2D ultrasonic scanning Graf method. The hip joints were divided into 5 types,and then examined for overall situation using 4D ultrasonic scanning. Results Five hundred and eighty-three hip joints were normal,29 acetabular margin slightly obtuse,28 dysplasia Ⅱ type, 19 subluxation Ⅲ type and 5 dislocation Ⅳtype. There was no significant difference in DDH incidence between the Mongol nationality and the Han nationality infants .The incidence of DDH was higher on the left than on the right,female higher than male （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion There is no significant difference in DDH incidence between the Mongol nationality and the Han nationality infants. Ultrasonography is a simple and safe method for screening DDH in early stage.