摘要
目的:为国家基本药物制度在公立医院的进一步完善提供参考。方法:参考世界卫生组织/国际健康行动机构的方法和西太平洋地区核心药品目录,用中位价格比值(MPR)评价药品价格水平,以当地城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入为基准,评价药品的可负担性;以农村居民人均纯收入为基准,分析2008-2013年常用药的可负担性动态变化。结果:实施国家基本药物制度以后,基本药物价格有一定的下降,MPR由5.838降到3.670,但总体仍高于国际参考价格;城镇和农村居民可负担性均得以改善,一个疗程的药品费用由相当于0.492 d城镇居民人均可支配收入降到0.352 d,1.457 d农村居民人均纯收入降到0.928 d;常用药农村居民的可负担性均有不同程度的提高。结论:国家基本药物制度实施以后,药品价格呈现一定程度下降,但与国际价格参考标准相比仍有改善空间;药品可负担性虽然有所改善,但仍需进一步提高低收入人群的可负担性。
OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the further improvement of National Essential Medicine System in public hospital. METHODS ： According to the methodology of WHO/Health Action International （HAI）, and key medicine list in Western Pacific Region, median price ratio （MPR） was used to evaluate the medicine price level, per capita disposable income of local urban residents and per capita net income of rural residents were used to evaluate the affordability of drugs; the affordability of commonly used medicines during 2008--2013 was analyzed according to per capita net income of rural residents. RESULTS： After the imple mentation of National Essential Medicine System, the price of essential medicines decreased to certain extent, and MPR decreased from 5.838 to 3.670 but still higher than international reference price （IRP）. The affordability of urban and rural residents had been improved; medicine expenditure of a treatment course was equal to that per capita disposable income of local urban residents decreased from 0.492 to 0.352. The per capita net income of rural residents decreased from 1.457 to 0.928, respectively. The affordability of commonly used medicines for rural residents improved to different extents. CONCLUSIONS： After the implementation of National Essential Medicine System, the prices of essential medicines decreased; they still should be improved, comparing with IRP. The affordability of essential medicines has been improved, but the financial burden on the lower-income should be reduced.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第24期2223-2226,共4页
China Pharmacy
