中国木结构传统建筑典型震害分析与保护对策

Analysis of seismic damage to traditional Chinese timber buldings and their protection conntermeasures

为了加强对中国木结构传统建筑的保护,根据对近年来震害调查结果的分析与归纳,对木结构传统建筑的瓦件滑落、屋脊折断、屋面下沉、屋顶装饰件缺失、节点拔榫、柱底侧移、填充墙破损等典型震害特征及其成因进行了分析。分析结果表明,木结构传统建筑具有较好的抗震性能,但其部分构件连接较差、缺乏及时保养与加固、木构架与砖石墙体间变形不协调以及砖石材料本身抗震性能差等原因,是造成中国木结构传统建筑震害的主要原因。由此可得出以下结论:为提高木结构传统建筑的抗震性能,应当通过日常管理排除病害隐患,对薄弱结构应当及时加固以提高其抗震性能。

In order to strengthen the protection of the traditional Chinese timber building, different types of damagecaused by earthquake were summarized. According to the investigation, incline of the roof system, roof decorationparts missing, incline of columns, separation of tenons from mortises, cracks in the decoration, loss of tiles, col-lapse of filler walls, etc. are the mainly damage types and the cause of every damage type were analyzed. The re-sults show that Chinese traditional timber building has good seismic performance. The poor connecting component,the lack of timely maintenance and reinforcement, the uncoordinated deformation between wood frame and brick wallbody and the poor seismic performance of masonry material are the main cause of Chinese traditional wood structurebuilding＇ s earthquake damage. In order to improve the seismic performance of Chinese traditional timber building,more effort should be put into maintenance and reinforcement and timely removal of latent problems.