阿基米德螺线型缺口圆盘破茬刀参数优化与试验!

Parameter Optimization and Experiment on Archimedes Spiral Type of Gap Cutting Disc

免耕播种机是在地表残茬、秸秆、杂草覆盖条件下进行播种,作业环境差,易造成免耕播种机堵塞、播种深度不稳定等。基于东北玉米垄作免耕播种机的农业技术要求,为了解决破茬防堵、开沟稳定,减小破茬阻力,提高破茬开沟质量等问题,设计了阿基米德螺线型缺口圆盘破茬刀,确定了其结构特性和尺寸参数为:缺口数11,最大半径215 mm,起始半径175 mm,包角32.72°,并建立了它的运动方程。通过3种圆盘(螺线型缺口圆盘、光面圆盘、半圆型缺口圆盘)破茬刀对比试验,证明了螺线型缺口圆盘破茬刀的优越性。同时建立了螺线型缺口圆盘破茬刀的破茬阻力与破茬盘类型、机器配重、机器前进速度的二次回归数学模型。研究成果为破茬装置优化设计提供了理论基础。

No-till planter works below mulch of the surface stubble, straw and weeds, plastic mulch. The operating environment is poor and could easily lead to blockage and planting depth instability of no-till planter. In order to solve the broken stubble blockades, reduce stubble breaking resistance and improve the ditching stability and quality of ditching broken stubble, a new type Archimedes screw notch disc stubble breaking knife was designed based on the ridge tillage planter agricultural technical requirements of corn in the Northeast of China. The structural characteristics and size parameters were determined, gap number Z = 11, maximum radius Rmax = 215 mm, starting radius R0 = 175 mm, corners Ф = 32.72°, and the equation of motion was also established. The broken stubble knife indoor comparison tests of three discs （screw linear notched disc, disc smooth, semi-circular notch disc） proved the superiority of the screw linear gap broken stubble disc cutter. Meanwhile the quadratic regression mathematical models for screw linear notched disc blade broken stubble crop stubble resistance and disc type, weight machines, forward speed were established. Reserch achievement provided the theoretical basis for optimization design of stubble-breaking device.