摘要
为了探讨长期施肥土壤水分特征曲线空间变异性及其影响因素,依托中国科学院黄土高原长武农业生态实验站中的长期定位实验,采用高速离心机法测定长期施肥条件下不同吸力的土壤含水率,并利用Van Gennuchten数学模型对水分特征曲线进行拟合,对比研究了不同施肥土壤水分特征曲线、持水性、供水性及土壤水分的有效性。结果表明:由于长期不同施肥使其土壤结构发生差异,导致土壤水分特征曲线存在明显的差异。化肥处理(N、NP)破坏了土壤结构,降低了土壤持水性能;有机肥(M、NPM)的施入增加了土壤有机质的含量,改善了土壤结构,提高了土壤持水性能。有机肥处理(M、NPM)土壤水分的有效性明显高于其他处理,N、NP、CK处理之间无明显差异。土壤供水能力由强到弱为N、CK、NP、NPM、M。
The aim of this study is to explore the spatial variability of soil moisture characteristic curve with the long-term fertilization, and find out the influencing factors of that variability. Based on the longterm experiment in Agricultural Ecological Experimental Station of the Loess Plateau of Chinese Academy in Changwu, the soil moisture of different suction with the long-term fertilization was measured using the method of high-speed centrifuge, and the water characteristic curves were obtained by the mathematical models of Van Gennuchten. Then, the parameters such as soil moisture characteristic curves, water capacity, water supply and soil moisture availability with the multiple fertilizations were compared. The results showed that the significant variations of soil moisture characteristic curve were attributed to the changes of soil structure caused by the long-term fertilization. Chemical fertilizers ( N, NP) destroyed soil structure, which reduced the soil water capacity. Organic fertilizer (M, NPM) increased the soil organic matter content, and then improved the soil structure, which increased soil water capacity. The effectiveness of the soil moisture of applying manure (M, NPM) was significantly higher than that of N, NP, CK. The water supply capacity and soil water availability were ranked as N, CK, NP, NPM, M.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期161-165,176,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2013AA102302
2013AA102304)
关键词
施肥措施水分特征曲线空间变异
比水容量
Fertilization measures Water characteristic curve Spatial variability Specific water capacity