水代法提取鲜果茶籽油的工艺优化及其品质分析

Optimization of aqueous extraction process for fresh camellia seed oil

通过对传统水代法提取荼籽油工艺的改进，得到水代法提取鲜果茶籽油的新工艺。运用响应面法对液料比、浸提温度、水相pH值、浸提时间等影响茶籽油得率的主要因素进行分析优化。结果表明，水代法提取鲜果茶籽油的最佳工艺条件为液料比6：1（m：m）、pH值4．6、在90℃条件下糊化25min、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间2．8h。该条件下，粒度20～100μm的荼籽仁粉的提油效率达到85．86％，所制备的茶籽毛油基本达到中国一级压榨茶籽油标准，而且毛油中VE和角鲨烯含量分别达到169．8mg／kg和107．5mg／kg、苯并（a）芘含量低于中国限量（10μg／kg）。

Fresh camellia seed oil was extracted by a new technology improved from traditional aqueous extraction process. Based on the single factor experiments, the ratio of liquid to material, extracting temperature, aqueous solution pH and extracting time which were mainly affected the oil extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for extracting fresh camellia seed oil by aqueous extraction method were as followed： ratio of liquid to material 6 ： 1, pH 4.6, gelatinization 25 rain under 90 ℃, extracting temperature 80 ℃ and extracting time 2. 8 h. Under this optimal conditions, the oil extraction efficiency of camellia seed kernel powder sizes between 20 μm and 100 μm was up to 85.86%. The crude camellia oil basically meet the national standard of pressed tea seed oil, and the vitamin E and squalene content in oil were reached 169.8 mg/kg and 107. 5 mg/kg, respectively. Besides, the harmful ingredient benzo （a） pyrene was bellow the permitted level of national standard （10 μg/kg）.