基于蒙特卡罗均匀化的堆物理分析方法

Reactor physics analysis method based on Monte Carlo homogenization

为了适应未来核电市场的需求,国际上提出了多种几何结构复杂、能谱变化多样的新概念核能系统,这对传统的确定论反应堆物理分析方法提出了越来越多的挑战,虽然蒙特卡罗方法相比于确定论方法在几何及能谱适用性方面具有明显的优势,但在解决较大规模问题时,仍面临计算时间太长、收敛过慢的问题。本研究借鉴确定论分步法堆芯计算的思路,提出了一种合理的解决方法:在栅元或组件层次计算时,采用蒙特卡罗方法,同时统计得到栅元或组件的多群均匀化常数;在堆芯层次计算时,采用确定论方法,提高堆芯的计算效率。这种方法汲取了蒙特卡罗方法在精细几何以及能谱适用性方面的优势以及确定论方法在堆芯层次计算效率更高的优点,克服了单独采用确定论方法或蒙特卡罗方法所带来的不足,可以作为新型核能系统设计与分析的一个有效工具。本文通过算例构造,对组件少群常数的统计、少群扩散系数的转化以及堆芯少群确定论计算的正确性都进行了检验,结果表明,这套计算流程是可靠的。

Background： Many new concepts of nuclear energy systems with complicated geometric structures and diverse energy spectra have been put forward to meet the future demand of nuclear energy market. The traditional deterministic neutronics analysis method has been challenged in two aspects： one is the ability of generic geometry processing; the other is the multi-spectrum applicability of the multi-group cross section libraries. The Monte Carlo （MC） method predominates the suitability of geometry and spectrum, but faces the problems of long computation time and slow convergence. Purpose： This work aims to find a novel scheme to take the advantages of both methods drawn from the deterministic core analysis method and MC method. Methods： A new two-step core analysis scheme is proposed to combine the geometry modeling capability and continuous energy cross section libraries of MC method, as well as the higher computational efficiency of deterministic method. First of all, the MC simulations are performed for assembly, and the assembly homogenized multi-group cross sections are tallied at the same time. Then, the core diffusion calculations can be done with these multi-group cross sections. Results： The new scheme can achieve high efficiency while maintain acceptable precision. Conclusion： The new scheme can be used as an effective tool for the design and analysis of innovative nuclear energy systems, which has been verified by numeric tests.